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Captain William Clark with his members of the Lewis
and Clark Expedition camped on the site of Fort Benton on June 4,
1805. Fort Benton was originally a trading post of the American Fur
Company. By this time fur trade was primarily a trade in buffalo
robes. It was originally known as Fort Lewis. It wasn't until 1850
that the town received it's present name of Fort Benton. On
Christmas day of that year the first adobe building was completed.
Alexander Culbertson named the fort Fort Benton in honor of US
Senator Thomas Hart Benton from Missouri. In 1860 it was bought out
and became a Jesuit Mission. After the Jesuits abandoned it the fort
was used by the military until 1881. It had become so dilapidated by
then that the garrison was quartered in town. Fort Benton became the
head of navigation on the Missouri River with the arrival of the
first steamboat from St. Louis in 1859. It became the world's
innermost port, 3,485 miles from the Gulf of Mexico. Until the
railroad arrived in 1887 it was Montana's most important city. Fur
traders, gold seekers, and homesteaders prospered in the area of
Fort Benton. As a booming town in the early 1860's Fort Benton was a
point of entry to the newly discovered placer mines of Western
Montana. During the gold rush, fifty steamboats a season docked at
the Fort Benton Levee. Here they would load and unload supplies, and
load tons of gold bound for St. Louis. Whiskey followed gold, and
trails were forged into Canada including the well-known Whoop-up
Trail into Alberta, Canada. It had been known as one of the toughest
towns in the West from 1860-1887. Gradually law and order replaced
the lawlessness and ranchers and farmers occupied the plains.
Picture courtesy John G. Lepley
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